Bipolar Disorder and Substance Abuse Research Paper

Bipolar Disorder and Substance Abuse - Research Paper Example The exact reasons for the close association of bipolar disease and substance abuse are still unknown to medical science. This paper analyses bipolar disorders, substance abuse or substance use disorder and the relationship between the two. Bipolar Disease and Substance Abuse â€Å"Bipolar disorder is a chronic enduring mental illness characterised by periods of elation and depression in mood. A lifetime history of alcohol misuse is one of the more common co-morbidities occurring in about 46% of people with bipolar I disorder† (Saunders and Goodwin 2010). Bipolar disorders were earlier referred as manic depression. Constant and continuous mood swings are one of the major symptoms of bipolar disorder. Within a short period of time, a person with bipolar disorder may show extremities of mood; He can demonstrate the feeling of sadness, hopelessness and helplessness at a particular moment and in the very next moment he can feel like on top of the world. One of the major characteris tics noticed by the psychologists about Bipolar disorders is the fact that majority of these patients show substance use disorders (SUD) also. For example, alcoholism and drug abuses are seen common among people with bipolar disorders. ... Bipolar 1 is more severe than bipolar 2. People with bipolar 1 disease need hospitalization whereas bipolar 2 do not need hospitalization. â€Å"Mania is seen in bipolar 1 and hypomania is seen in bipolar 2† (Fast &Julie A Fast (Author) †º Visit Amazon's Julie A Fast Page Find all the books, read about the author, and more. See search results for this author Are you an author? Learn about Author Central Preston, 2006, p.20). People with bipolar 2 may not show many changes in their normal behaviors whereas people with bipolar 1 diseases will show many changes in their normal behavior patterns and they may experience hallucinations, delusions, paranoia etc. It is possible that a person with bipolar disease may induce self harm. In many cases, these patients may attack others also. Aggression is one of the major characteristics of bipolar 1 disease. The reasons for bipolar disorders are still unknown. However, as in the cases of other psychological disorders, heredity and en vironment play an important role in causing bipolar disorders to a person. Long (2005) has pointed out the role of heredity in causing bipolar disorders; About half of all patients with Bipolar I Disorder have one parent who also has a mood disorder, usually Major Depressive Disorder. If one parent has Bipolar I Disorder, the child will have a 25% chance of developing a mood disorder. If both parents have Bipolar I Disorder, the child has a 50%-75% chance of developing a mood disorder. (Long, 2005) The above results clearly show that bipolar disorders have strong association with heredity. No studies succeeded yet in singling out a particular gene which causes bipolar diseases.

Environmental Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environmental Geology - Essay Example As the tectonic activity continued during next several million years the initial rock had influenced a series of future changes as the empty cracks in the rock were again filled with liquid magma, which later formed crystal fractions inside the granite mass. The irregular and wavy structure of granite rock witnesses for tectonic and geological activity at the primary stage of rock formation, when the future granite formation was under a high temperature and was plastic for deformations. The motion of tectonic plates and elevation caused wavy structure. Besides it was prompted by changing climate and outside physical influence such as weathering and changing temperature regime. The second unit of the outcrop is represented by sandstone which is a sedimentary rock. The presence of sandstone witnesses for the absence of serious tectonic and geological changes in later geological epochs. The next geological periods in this outcrop starting from Triassic and up to Jurassic in Mesozoic era are characterized by the presence of sea life in that region. It means that the territories taken by magmatic and granite deposits were gradually flooded by sea waters. These were the conditions essential for the future forming of sandstone as the waters brought a lot of sedimentary rocks and sand to that territory. During million years these sedimentary rocks and sand were concentrating and under the high pressure they turned into solid rock such as sandstone which on the hand with sand particles contains a reasonable amount of cement which glued sand and turned it into concrete structure. The upper stratum gradually changes into marl. Marl stratum was formed by sedimentary particles which on the hand with sand particles included clay particles and calcium carbonate particles. During million years of depositing and under a pressure these particles transformed into a solid rock formed predominantly by clay and CaCO3 elements called marl. The presence of sand and clay witness that this stratum was formed during Mesozoic era. The last stratum represented by limestone also witnesses that the territory of outcrop was still occupied by water and that it was rich in the sea life. The limestone stratum was formed by sea organisms which could take dissolved calcium salts from the seawater. CaCO3 was a fundamental structure of their shells and skeletons and after millions years of high pressure and depositing it turned into limestone. Task 2 To the north from North-American platform there is situated a wide zone of Alpine suture represented by the Rocky Mountains and Cordeliers. This zone is characterized by tectonic and mobility of quasi-planar zones, which existed from prehistorically times as there existed such sutures as Hercinian, Caledonian and Cambrian. In Mesozoic era the Western part of North America also continued to experience tectonic movement conditions and besides there existed two zones of flexure where depositing of precipitation occurred: one of them occupied the stripe of the Rocky mountains from Alaska in the north to Colorado plateau in the south and another one stretched from Aleut islands through cascade mountains in Canada and Sierra-Nevada in the USA. Between these two flexure zones there was formed a zone which experienced little flexure.

What may be the 'Best Practices' so far as Action Planning is Assignment

What may be the 'Best Practices' so far as Action Planning is concerned - Assignment Example Non-discriminatory policies increase the rate of work commitment (Australian Human Rights Commission 2014). Delivering real value to customers helps them realize that they are valued by the provider of services which increase customer loyalty. The more customer loyalty there is, the higher competitive edge is achieved by an organization over rival companies. This is why making wise investments in this area is highly valuable making it one of the best practices of an action plan (Bradt, Check & Pedraza 2011). Employers and employees should continually strive to enhance their organization’s image. This helps the people realize that focus is not only concentrated on maximizing profit. Rather, the organization is conscientious enough to protect its reputation also (Nagy & Fawcett 2013). Customers have more confidence in those companies which have a very healthy image compared to those which have cracks in their images. Australian Human Rights Commission 2014, Developing an effective Action Plan, viewed, 07 June 2014, Nagy, J & Fawcett, SB 2013, Proclaiming Your Dream: Developing Vision and Mission Statements, viewed, 07 June 2014,

Energy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Energy - Essay Example The major difference between renewable energy and nonrenewable energy is the ability of renewable energy to renew. For example, wind energy is a renewable energy source which will be available in this world as long as this world remains in its present state. On the other hand same thing cannot be said about nonrenewable energy. For example, oil or natural gas energy sources are exhausting day by day and it is not replaced by any of the natural means. Because of the nonrenewable nature of nonrenewable energy, this energy source is going to lose its significance in near future or 50 years from now. Renewable energy sources will gain prominence in near future itself. Moreover, nonrenewable energy sources are causing severe environmental problems like air pollution, water pollution, global warming, climate changes etc and therefore it is difficult to rely on nonrenewable energy sources further. For example, â€Å"Air pollution, thermal pollution, land devastation, groundwater pollution, acidification of streams and rivers, erosion, subsidence of land caused by underground mines, hazards to miners, and, of course, global warming are all recognized as part and parcel of coal’s utilization† (Smith, 2009, p.162). On the other hand renewable energies such as wind energy, tidal energy, solar energy etc are causing little or no damage to the environment. In my opinion, solar energy seems to be the future energy source. The major advantage of solar energy is the less environmental problems it can generate and its abundant nature. Solar energy reaches every part of the earth 12 hours per day. If we can develop technologies feasible for the exploitation of solar energy, we need not be worried too much about the energy crisis in future. The major problem associated with the exploitation of solar energy is the lack of feasible technologies to convert solar energy into other forms of energy. Since solar energy is available only in day time, it is necessary to

Finance executives recognize the benefits of method's green Essay

Finance executives recognize the benefits of method's green efficiencies - Essay Example The methods save the company money and reduce its liabilities in the long run by significantly reducing adverse environmental impacts of its business activities. Yes, other household supply companies now recognise the financial importance of adopting green products. Customers have become more concerned about the environment and want to associate with those companies that exhibit the best ethical practices. The customers want to be linked with companies that embrace green technology and have moral conscious about the environment. This is evident in the case study where Method, a green technology-oriented firm, has become popular among customers in the market. Consequently, competing firms have joined in the race by adopting green business technologies. In the case, it is estimated that eco-friendly household supplies is likely to grow from 3 percent in 2008 to 30 percent in 2013, which is a massive and positive trend towards the industry becoming green in the

Global Contraflows - Morocco Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global Contraflows - Morocco - Essay Example Global contraflows are a threat to Americanization. This is so because it enhances culture diversification that is contrary to what Americanization stands for. In the past U.S had dominated over the other cultures making the minority cultures to adopt their way of life thus deteriorating culture of individuals (Moran 67). Contraflows on the contrary provide avenues for culture exchange between two different regions thus nurturing culture and ensuring its maintenance. There is therefore need to rethink culture production (Pennycook 74). This is to ensure that productions are considerate of the ethics of other cultures. This is to ensure that they conform to the norms of the other cultures so as not to be faced with hostility when the product is aired (Thussu 86). This paper seeks to analyze whether the Gnawa music of Morocco had an impact on the social life of individuals globally and the role that media played in ensuring cultural exchange. Gnawa music was mostly experienced by the westerns who visited Morocco. This is due to the annual Gnawa festival that is held annually in one of the Moroccan beaches (Athique 49). This provided the visiting westerns with the chance to be able to experience cultural celebrations of the Moroccan people. This as well provided an avenue whereby the Moroccan people and the westerners could be able to exchange their culture (Kearey, Kleipes and Vine 53). This is because the performers went to perform having worn their full regalia that marks the celebration. This could offer the westerners with a chance to learn the culture of their hosts and at the same time the hosts could be able to learn through this interactions (Moran 65). With the advent of media, culture movement was further facilitated. This is because of the availability of equipment such as satellite televisions that made it

The length and width Essay Example for Free

The length and width Essay This is due to the electron s for a long distance than before. Thus we say the resistance increases. When the width of the wire increases, the hindrance for the flow of electrons increases. Because the space through which electrons flow increases. Thus we say that the resistance decreases Preliminary Width of the wire ( mm) Length of wire (mm) Voltage (V) Current (A) Resistance ( ? ). From this preliminary experiment I will increase the length of the wire up to 30cm in order to get the reliable results. The reason why I chose the thin wire is because to get a high resistance and therefore it is easy to measure. I have used three different widths because I want to find out width gives the best results. To get precise measurement I will measure the value of the current and voltage up to two decimal places. Obtaining evidence This is how the set up of my apparatus looks like. First I join everything together and check if everything is in the right place. Then I adjust the 30cm length of wire to the length of 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm and 25cm, with the help of the crocodile clip. After that I change the resistance by means of the variable resister to get an accurate measurement /result of the current and voltage for each length. Actual experiment Width of the wire ( mm) Length of wire (mm) Voltage (V) Current (A) Resistance ( ? ) Safety When the experiment has been started the wire becomes hot. The safety here is to put the things (e. g. paper, books, exercise books etc. which are inflammable) to a side, so that it cannot come into contact with the wire. After finishing the experiment turn the current off. Length (cm) Average Resistance   I can use the results not with 100% certainty; I can rely only on 60%. This is in regard to change in resistance caused by the charge on the length of the wire. This is in regard to the change in resistance caused by the change in length of the wire. As far as concerning the change in resistance due to change the width of the wire are anomalous. Analysis My experiment shows longer the wire higher the resistance. That is, when the length of the wire increases, resistance increases. Resistance is directly proportional to the length of the wire. Resistance of wire ? length of the wire Resistance = k x length Observation K Constant First 0. 21/5 0. 04 Second 0. 45/10 0. 04 Third 0. 58/15 0. 04 Fourth 0. 87/20 0. 04 Fifth 0. 95/25 0. 04 From the above table, this numerical calculations shows that the resistance is directly proportional to the length of the wire. If I double the length of the wire, the resistance also get doubled as a result. My experiment ,in respect of the conductor with the length of 15cm, shows that the current flow is directly proportional to the potential difference. The voltage ? current In respect of other length of the conductors (5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm and 25cm) there is a variation in the second decimal of the constant figure. These discrepancies may be due to the slight changes of the external temperature of the conductor when current passes through the conductors. It may be also due to the reading of the ammeter and voltmeter by the eye. Evaluation My results are reasonably good as far as concerning the change of resistance due to the change in length of the conductor. My results are fairly good as far as concerning the Ohms law. That is, the current passes through the conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across the conductor provided the temperature remains constant. My results were not at all good as far as concerning changes of the resistance due to changes in the width of the conductor. My graph which shows the resistance and length of the conductor is a straight line which passes through the origin and 3 points. Two points stays out of the line. For the variation of the resistant, I could not draw one line on one graph and I have drawn 5 lines on one graph. I could not draw my conclusion on the graph because the variations of the width are not great enough to produce significant variation in the resistance. Only 2 points fell on the line and the third one slipped out. If the straight line passes through 3 points on the graph we can depend on the reliability (length against resistance graph). In contrast in the width against resistance graph, only 2 points falls on the straight line. Therefore I cannot depend on the reliability. This anomaly is due to the fact that the wires which I have chosen are not considerably vary in thickness (width). Another way of doing that is to take reading using the constantan wire and then the second reading connecting 2 wires as shown in the prediction and keep on doing this for 3, 4 wires. The anomalous points on the graph (2 points) may be due to the crocodile clips which were not properly attached. There may be lack of specification in observing the ammeter and voltmeter with the eye. There may be fluctuation in the external and in the internal temperature of the conductor. I can use a conductor made of nichrome which is an alloy of 60% nickel, 24% iron and 16% chromium. Accurate laboratory standard are made from a coil of resistance wire inside a protective plastic case. 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Electricity and Magnetism section.